The Indiana Jones Experience In India - Chandravalli Caves

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NIKKHIL K

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Post Date : 06 Dec 2021
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Chandravalli is an archaeological site located in the Chitradurga district of the state of Karnataka, India. The region is a valley formed by three hills, Chitradurga, Kirabanakallu, and Jolagudda. It is a semi-arid region with scrub vegetation with a stream running through it. Excavations at Chandravalli have revealed earthen pots, painted bowls, and coins of Indian dynasties like Vijayanagar, Satavahana, and Hoysalas as well as denarii of Roman emperor Augustus Caesar and a coin of the Chinese Han dynasty Emperor Wu Ti belonging to 2nd Century BC. Chandravalli (moon-shaped) was known as Chandanavati, a name attributed to the king as this place was once ruled by Chandrahasa (king of Kuntala). The Chandravalli cave temple (also known as the Ankali Mutt - Saints from Ankalagi (Belgaum) came here for meditation) is semilunar in shape located between two giant monolithic rocks, a pre-historic site is about three km from Chitradurga. There is a lake which is added to the importance of the cave temple. At Chandravalli there is a rock inscription of the first Kannada dynasty Kadambas founder Mayurasharma (345 CE) found in the Bhairaweshwara temple.

Chandravalli is a pre-historic archaeological site, historians found painted pottery and coins from the pre-historic and Shatavahana period and found that the human habitation existed during the Iron Age. The total measurement of the site excavated was 730 m × 730 m, and the general layout of the site contained a housing complex with walls of bricks, covered stone drains, red-gravel rammed floors and fireplaces made of bricks, It was also a mortuary site. Two distinct periods; megalithic and Satavahana were noticed during the excavations. It was found that Chandravalli was inhabited from Iron Age onwards. The inscriptions found in the nearby hillocks belonged to the Chalukya and Hoysala period, with one belonging to the king Mayurasharma, the founder of the Kadamba dynasty. Chitradurga gets its name from Chitrakaldurga, an umbrella-shaped lofty hill found there. The tradition dates Chitradurga District to the period of the Ramayana and Mahabharata.

 

The whole district lies in the valley of the Vedavati River, with the Tungabhadra River flowing in the northwest. During the British times, it was named Chitaldroog. The district was practically ruled by all the well-known dynasties that ruled Karnataka. Madakari Nayaka was a famour Ruler of Chitradurga. Onake Obavva is a Legendary woman who fought Hyder Ali's army single-handedly.